Page 31. End of Empire

Page 31d. The Third World












Page 31a. Decolonisation | Page 31b. The Near East | Page 31c. France and her Colonies | Page 31d. The Third World | Page 31e. America and the US | Page 31f. In Memoriam





Continued from previous page, 31c.

 
Page in progress
 
 
 
















 
 
 
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Asia
 
Map/Still:In the years following the end of World War II, the political landscape of Asia changed dramatically as China became a communist state and most of the region's colonies gained independence. The states that experienced a change in status during this period are indicated here with the date of the change.
Source: Encyclopedia Britannica Kids
Map shows dates of foundation and independence of countries in East Asia, South Asia and Southeast Asia
 
Source:
Map above shows former colonies in all of Asia with their dates of independence
 
Source:
Map below shows former colonies in west Asia, the Near East (Middle East) and North Africa
 
 
 
-------
 
 

 
 
 
Africa
 
 
Liberia
 
locator map of Liberia

Liberia was founded in 1822 by African slaves and descendants of slaves freed in the United States. It was the first independent republic in Africa.

 

Liberia

America's Stepchild

Documentary

6 clips

1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=94j2DMWCErg

2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CTlFWpUA8Wc

3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R9q6_0S20VE

4. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5_QrkeQ0-pY

5. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=93MqPlAx-0o

6. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PmPm9-wUoqU

 
                          ---------------
 
 
 
L'Afrique avant le Partage
 
Carte animée
 
 
 
 
Africa divided by Western European powers at the Berlin Confernce in 1885
 
 
European colonies in Africa in 1914
 
 
Map of Africa in 1914 
 
 
Map of Africa after the Great War (1914 - 1918)
 
 
Africa in 1945
 
Map of Africa today, with each country and its date of independence
 
 
Map of Africa today, with each country and its date of independence
 
 
 
Africa
 
A Voyage of Discovery
 
8-part documentary series with Basil Davison (1984)
 
1. Different but Equal
 
 
2. Mastering a Continent
 
 
3. Caravans of Gold
 
 
4. The King and the City
 
 
5. The Bible and the Gun
 
 
6. The Magnificent African Cake
 
 
7. The Rise of Nationalism
 
 
8. The Legacy
 
 
 
In French:
 
AFRICA
 
Documentaire (1984)
 
 - La Bible et les Fusils
 
 
 - Le Grand Partage
 
 
 - Le Pouvoir, le Commerce et le Coran
 
 
 
Berlin 1885
 
The Scramble for Africa
 
Advertisement for a documentary film
 
 
2011 Documentary (in French)
 
 
The same (in German):
 
 
 
 
The Berlin Conference
 
Discussion on the BBC weekly radio program In Our Time hosted by Melvyn Bragg, October 31, 2013 
 
BBC:
 
 
You Tube:
 
 
 
 
 
--------------------------
 
 
 
 
Chronologial list of the dates of independence of African countries

 
Liberia - 26 July 1847; ceated by the U. S. A.
 
South Africa - 31 May 1910, from Britain

Egypt - 28 February 1922, from Britain
 
Ethiopia - 5 May 1941, from Italy
 
Libya - 24 December 1951 Britain
 
Sudan - 1 January 1956 from Britain and Egypt
 
Morocco - 2 March 1956 from France
 
Tunisia - 20 March 1956 from France
 
Ghana - 6 March 1957 from Britain
 
Guinea - 2 October 1958 from France
 
Cameroon - 1 January 1960 from France
 
Togo - 27 April 1960 from France
 
Mali - 20 June 1960 from France
 
Senegal - 4 April 1960, 20 June 1960, 20 August 1960 from France
 
Madagascar - 26 June 1960 from France
 
Congo (Kinshasa) - 30 June 1960 from Belgium
 
Somalia - 1 July 1960 from Britain
 
Benin - 1 August 1960 from France
 
Niger - 3 August 1960 from France
 
Burkina-Faso (Upper Volta) - 5 August 1960 from France
 
Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast) - 7 August 1960 from France
 
Chad - 11 August 1960 from France
 
Central African Republic - 13 August 1960 from France
 
Congo (Brazzaville) - 15 August 1960 from France
 
Gabon - 17 August 1960 from France
 
Nigeria - 1 October 1960 from Britain
 
Mauritania - 28 November 1960 from France
 
Sierra Leone - 27 April 1961 from Britain
 
Tanzania (Tanganyika and Zanzibar) - 9 December 1961 from Britain
 
Burundi - 1 July 1962 from Belgium
 
Rwanda - 1 July 1962 from Belgium
 
Algeria - 3 July 1962 from France
 
Uganda - 9 October 1962 from Britain
 
Kenya - 12 December 1963 from Britain\
 
Malawi - 6 July 1964 from Britain
 
Zambia (Northern Rhodesia) - 24 October 1964 from Britain
 
Gambia - 18 February 1965 from Britain
 
Rhodesia (Southern Rhodesia) - 11 November 1965 from Britain
 
Botswana - 30 September 1966 from Britain
 
Lesotho - 4 October 1966 from Britain
 
Mauritius - 12 March 1968 from Britain
 
Swaziland - 6 September 1968 from Britain
 
Equatorial Guinea - 12 October 1968 from Spain
 
Guinea-Bissau - 10 September 1974 from Portugal
 
Mozambique - 25 June 1975 from Portugal
 
Cape Verde - 5 July 1975 from Portugal
 
Comoros - 6 July 1975 from France
 
São Tomé and Principe - 12 July 1975 from Portugal
 
Angola - 11 November 1975 from Portugal
 
Western Sahara - 28 February 1976 from Spain
 
Seychelles - 29 June 1976 from Britain
 
Djibouti - 27 June 1977 from France
 
Zimbabwe (Rhodesia/Southern Rhodesia) - 18 April 1980 from Britain
 
Namibia (Southwest Africa) - 21 March 1990 from South Africa
 
Eritrea - 24 May 1993 from Ethiopia
 
                         ---------------
 
 
 
The British in Africa
 
 
Map of British possessions in Africa and their dates of independence to 1965
 
 

 

Ghana

 

 

Ghana's History

 

Part 1. The Gold Coast

 

Ghana before Independence and Colonial Independence from Britain

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AjBcRMjOWzg

 

Part 2. The Gold Coast (1966 - 2000)

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MWsobQwAOBs

 
 

Ghana

 

Kwame Nkrumah

 

Documentary

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XYBVJ4kd_bM

 
 
 
-------------
 
 
 
Nigeria
 
 
The Untold Story Of Nigeria's WW2 Heroes
 
 

 

Nigeria's Journey to Nationhood

 

Part 1.

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LDzLoWY6dOY

 

continued . . .  

 

 

The Story of the Biafran War

 

Part 1.

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0RyLgjfm0_g

 
continued . . .
 
 
 
----------------
 
 
 
Kenya
 
 
British East Africa map
 
Kenya map
 
 
Mau Mau
 
3-part documentary narrated by Chet Huntley
 
Part 1.
 
Part 2.
 
Part 3.
 
 
Jomo Kenyatta
 
The Founding Father of Kenya
 
Episode from the documentary series Faces of Africa
 
 
or
 

 

 

Memoirs of Jomo

 
Documentary about Jomo Kenyatta
 
 
 

Meet Jomo Kenyatta

 

Documentary

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G90iC23w0Oc

 

 

Jomo Kenyatta

 

Documentary

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Twvtuxz-XPA

 

 
Black Man's Land
 
Images of Colonization and Independence
 
Kenyan documentary uploaded as Mau Mau
 
Only 2 of 6 clips available
 
 
 
Uploaded as Kenya a White Man's Country
 
Only 2 of 6 clips available
 
 
 
 
Kenya: White Terror
 
BBC documentary
 
 
 
 
 
-----------------
 
 
 
 
Tanganyika and Zanzibar 

 

 

The Legacy of Nyerere

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c3P6o_m8Rc4

 

 

Mwalimu Julius Nyerere

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HQ6h2FbOhYc

 

 

Interview with Julius Nyerere, 1960s

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0_-LW7rNiCg

 

 

The Road to Sainthood

 

Julius K. Nyerere

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WJzCwO5d9Ak

 

 

Mwalimu Julius Nyerere

 

Episdoe from the documentary series Faces of Africa

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-6noZPkLwwU

 

 

 

-----------------------

 

 

 

Uganda 

 

 

 

Idi Amin

 

Famous for the Wrong Reasons

 

Episode from the CCTV documentary series Faces of Africa

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3MlOp35mofQ

 

 

Idi Amin

 

Episode from the documentary series The Most Evil Men in History

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iyaTWKv44Hs

 

 

Ugandan - Tanzanian War

 

3-Minute History

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YY7JXMFRTSE

 

 

The Last King of Scotland

 

2006 British movie (2 hrs.)

 

Advertisement

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lK2rmZbdS30

 

 

Capturing Idi Amin

 

Documentary about the making of The Last King of Scotland (29:20)

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Innn86OQ97o

 

 

 

------------

 
 
 
 
              The Belgian Congo
 
 

 

The Belgian Congo (in orange)
 

Leopold II, son of Leopold I; second

king of the Belgians; crowned on  

December 17, 1865; died, December

17, 1909 

 

 

Object of Plunder

The Congo through the Centuries

Lecture by Adam Hochschild

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rLyZGTwmcRA

 

Joseph Conrad

 

Brief biography (excerpt from a documentary)

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fdLd_8jkCWM

 

 

Heart of Darkness

 

Presented as a play adapted from the 1902 novel by Joseph Conrad on the weekly TV program Playhouse 90 in 1958

 

Boris Karloff portrays Kurtz

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=193Pica3VoY

 

 

King Leopold II of the Belgians

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0sXMdxXPxOY

 

  

DISCOURS DU ROI DES BELGES LEOPOLD II

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GsJGH6RZQMY&feature=related

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0v6-__nqGmU

 

 

 

 

 

The Congo, a White King, Red Rubber and Black Death

 

2004 documentary

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aUZLtkLA0VE

 

or

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wpibEk3lUg0 

 

or

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LcaMSPkQpFg
 
 
Congo
 
A Curse of Riches
 
Documentary (44:50)
 
 
 
L'HISTOIRE de LA COLONISATION de LA R.D.C.
 
Part 1.
 
 
Part 2.
 
 
 
Bwana Kitoko (Handsome Man)
 
The young Belgian King Bauduoin visiting the Congo in 1955 
 
 
 
 
Belgian Congo Uprising
 
Newsreel
 
 
 
Lumumba et le Roi des Belges
 
 
 
La dernière entrevue
 
 
 
The Assassination of Patrice Lumumba

 

2006 Documentary

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HtzfCMHX1Yg

 

 

Lumumba

 

Movie reenacting Lumumba's life

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2UkAFGecf-E

 
 
 
Lumumba, assassinat politique

Apres la mort de Lumumba:

Reactions de Kasa-Vubu et de Ileo, puis le Congo sans Lumumba

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f0SGg6IcRng
 
Lumumba
 
Inquiry into Belgian complicity in the death of Lumumba
 
 
 

Cuba! Africa! Revolution!

 
Documentary about Cuba's involvement in revolutions ithe Congo and Angola. The independence of Guinea Bissau.
 
 
 

La Grande Epoque de Mobutu

Mobutu Sese Seko

Volume 1 - 1/3

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WvINj3wb-n0

 

République Démocratique du Congo

Enfin la paix (2007)

Le dessous des Cartes avec Jean-Christophe Victor
 
 
 
 
 
--------------------------
 
 
 
 
The French in Africa
 
 
Map of French Africa goes here
 
 
 
Noirs de France
 
1. Le Temps des pionniers (1889 - 1940)
 
 
2. Le temps des migrations (1940 - 1974)
 
 
 
 
 

Le Dessous des Cartes

 

Le CONGO BRAZZAVILLE (France)

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nybPexuW7ow

 

 

 
Les Tirailleurs Sénégalais
 

Une épisode de la serie L'Histoire Oubliée

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iQHx4_VMkXI

 

Les Tirailleurs Sénégalais

2000 ans d'histoire sur France-Inter

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2eaMppOXykA

 

 

 

 

 
 
 
 
---------------
 
 
 
 
 
                   Southern Africa
 

 Southern Africa

 

 

 

Southern Rhodesia (Rhodesia)
 
 
 

 

Northern Rhodesia (Zambia)

 
 
Rhodesia Independence Day 1967
 
Rhodesia declared independence in 1965
 
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U-Ne_ep2Qlo
 
 
David Frost Interviews Ian Smith, Rhodesian Prime Minister
 
The Frost Programme
 
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zeG9eGfRBdA
 
 
Rhodesia
 
1976 Documentary
 
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0S2NKlMW0vc   
 
    
From Rhodesia to Zimbabwe
 
Documentary
 
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pJPsD41qnA4
 
 
Robert Mugabe
 
1976 Interview
 
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QnGaSbA0aIk 
 
 
Rhodesia - Zimbabwe Independence 1980
 
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YVzJpSzYlyM
 

-----------

 

 

 

 

Angola

 

 

Cuba! Africa! Revolution!

 
Documentary about Cuba's involvement in revolutions in Africa
 
 

 

 

CIA & Angolan Revolution 1975

 

Documentary

 

Part 1.

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c35COXObeo8

 

Part 2

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dW8_cXOG7wI

 

 

 

 

 

--------------

 

 

 

 

 

Mozambique

 

 

------------

 

 

Nyasaland (Malawi)

 

 

-----------

 

 

 

South Africa

 
 
map goes here
 
 
Cry, the Beloved Country
 
Movie (1951) based on a novel by Alan Paton
 
 
 
            -------    
 
 
Mandela  -  The Man and His Country
 
1990 ABC news documentary
 
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wit1-ly8THY
 

 

The Last Domino

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MFXAytmglYY

 

or, the same, in more complete form: 

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=otAMLtlf2N4

 

 

Nelson Mandela's Fight for Freedom

 

Documentary

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fcsCwPk982U

 

 

Mandela & De Klerk

 

1997 TV movie with Sidney Poitier and Michael Cane

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XbVE4TuA6fc

 

 

 

 

 

            Segregation in South Africa

 

                          Apartheid

             (Afrikaans for "Apartness")

 

                  (1948 - 1994)

 

Apartheid separated the four main races in South Africa:

 

1. Whites/Europeans/Blankes (Caucasians)

 

2. Blacks/Bantu (Africans)

 

3. Coloureds (Mixed-Race; Indians and Pakistanis)

 

4. Asians (Indians and Pakistanis)

 

 

Malays (Cape Malay) and Southeast Asians were considered Coloureds  

 

The Cape Malay are mostly descendants of enslaved Javanese Muslims brought in by the Dutch since the mid-1600s 

 

Indians were considered as Asians and/or Coloureds. In Natal, and particularly Durban, Indians were described as Coloureds.

 

Orientals (Japanese and Chinese) were considered honorary whites and treated as whites.

 

 

         Non-whites only                           Whites only

 

 

Segregated trains

 

Whites only

 

 

Segregated beaches

 

Segregation Sign. This sign on a South African beach designates

Whites only

 

 

Segregated toilets

 

apartheid toilets

Whites                        Non-Whites    

 

 

Segregated buildings

 

Entrance for Blacks, Coloureds and Asians only

  

 

Segregated medical facilities

 

European hospital to the right, non-European

hospital to the left

 

Miriam Makeba

Address to the UN in 1963

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uWP5mBJ4HWs 

Miriam Makeba

 

 

 

 

----------------------

 

 

 

Swaziland

 

 

 

 

Lesotho

 

 

 

 

Bechuanaland (Botswana)

 

 

 

 

 

 
 
South West Africa
 
Namibia
 
 
Colonialism
 
A Case Study
 
Namibia
 
Documentary
 
 
 
Genocide & the Second Reich
 
Documentary about the German colonisation of SW Africa
 
 

 

Namibia

 

Africa's Last Colony

 

Documentary by Third Eye about SW Africa under South Africa

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kegZKXsZMbI

 
 
Namibia
 
No Easy Road to Freedom
 
Documentary (1988)
 
 
 
Desert of Skeletons

 

Documentary about the Namibian desert and coast

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J2UXX9yAQGY

 

 

 

 
------------------
 
 
 
 
 
Slavery
 
 
La traite négrière
 
The transportation of millions of Sub-Saharan Africans by Muslims for enslavement in the Arabian Peninsula for 1,400 years to the 21st century
 
Documentary
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
















Continue to next page, 31e.